Friday, February 10, 2012

Dream Job: Not the Best? Be Exceptional! from Silicon India

 Not the Best? Be Exceptional!   

Bangalore: You may be just an average job seeker who is spending months for searching a job after graduation. Are you disappointed on your fate? Probably, you may hope for the luck and best indeed- with your paled face. Anyone can guess it hurts more when you are asked about your job search. Being pretty smart enough cannot alone bring you up among the hundreds of resumes your hiring manager gets daily.


Now, you need to evaluate how you are doing in job search. Your hard work on the city to get employed so far is not good as you are still with an unemployment tag. Apart from doing the same thing as local listings in newspapers and handing in numerous resumes, what have you been done so far to get a job? You live in an internet era where with number of social media access you can be informed about the hiring trend of big gates. You must be doing well as the every potential job seeker do.


Don’t you have the skills which can land your dream job? Of course, to be the best, you need to be best with necessary skills. You may be among those flock that had never been serious to acquire new skills or to become best in new skills. To be successful, you should be on track of either best or exceptional. How to be exceptional will be the question you are loaded with, now.

Few things you can do to be exceptional and so successful. Keep in mind you have to make your dream job comes true. Well, you would be following a custom style in your job hunting. Hoping for a miracle and doing as everyone does will make you deadlocked either. Sending resumes may be on the way to the heap with hundreds or thousands others. What you think about a video portfolio or a right away conversation with hiring manager?

Be realistic should be your mantra to accomplish your goal as you must stop wasting time applying for each and every job. Seek out the jobs which can suit your skills, academic qualifications and relevant experiences. You should be polite and persistent to follow the hiring process once you have applied for. Building a relationship with the hiring manger through follow-ups, phone calls and e-mails will sometimes help you to receive an offer letter.


When you stand as an exceptional one you should be about excellent and disciplined. When you nurture good habits in you and having a hold on reality will also make you different. You may not be emotionally balanced but you can balance your emotions to stand up every way. Setting out the goals itself will not speak unless you think out of box and execute your ideas with a disciplined approach. Also you get a better fit everywhere when you embrace honesty as your best of everything.  To gain the respect of being exceptional, you must have to believe in yourself while following a creatively executed plan to explore your exceptional skills to visualize the ‘success’ with an attitude of ‘never give up’.


Tuesday, February 7, 2012

Top 10 Tax Deductions - From SiliconIndia

Bangalore: Tax season is here and people are busy filing their returns. Even though most people look for ways to lower their taxes, they often tend to overlook a few, which can help them save a lot of money. Sanjeev Sinha of Economic Times puts forth a list of 10 most over-looked tax deductions, which are as follows –

1) Deductions for Charity –


Tax deductions can be made on charitable deeds but these are operated only under certain categories. The 2 broad classifications of tax deductions for charity are – (A) and (B), both under the Section 80G of the IT Act, 1961. In category (A) – the total amount of money given in charity is deducted from the assessee's gross income. In category (B) – only half of the money donated is eligible for tax deductions. Category (A) is a better option for us to save more money. Areas under category (A) include - Prime Minister's National Relief Fund, Prime Minister's Armenia Earthquake Relief Fund, National Foundation for Communal Harmony, Maharashtra Chief Minister's Earthquake Relief Fund, National Illness Assistance Fund and others. Areas under category (B) include - Jawaharlal Nehru Memorial Fund, Prime Minister's Drought Relief Fund, Indira Gandhi Memorial Trust, Rajiv Gandhi Foundation, National Cultural Fund and others.


2) Deductions on Medical Expenses –


Tax deductions are allowed for medical expenses, again within certain limits. Medical expenses are eligible for tax deductions under Section 80D. Mediclaims for certain diseases are also covered under Section 80DDB. A few special diseases covered under this act are – neurological diseases, malignant cancers, AIDS, chronic renal failure and hematological disorders. A maximum of 40,000 is deducted for regular people and 60,000 for senior citizens. Our family members are also eligible for this deduction, only if they are completely dependent on us. However, one would require a certificate (10- I) from specialist doctors for these deductions.


3) Deductions on Rent Paid –

House Rent Allowance (HRA) are eligible for tax deductions. HRA is covered under Section 80GG of the IT Act. According to this, all people, both salaried and business people, are eligible for this. Deductions can be claimed for both, furnished and non-furnished houses. The details of this deduction are – minimum of 2,000 per month or 25 percent of one’s total income, the lesser amount being considered. Deductions are available for only those houses which are located in municipal areas, though most prominent cities are a part of these areas. This claim can be availed by filling out Form 10-BA.


4) Disabled People –


There are 3 categories for availing tax deductions under disability. First, section 80DD provides a deduction of 50,000 for a disabled person undergoing medical treatment. Second, 75,000 is deducted from taxes, in case of very grave medical situations. Third, Section 80DDB covers 40,000 for specific diseases. Senior citizens receive 60,000 deductions under this section. Section 80U also covers for 50,000 for a disabled person, with an enhanced cover of 75,000. 










5) Foreign Taxes –

India has Double Taxation Avoidance Agreements (DTAA) with over 79 nations. Under this, people are taxed with particular rates and norms in more than 1 country. Under the IT Act of ’61, there are 2 sections to save oneself from Double Taxation – Section 90 and Section 91. Section 90 is for people who have paid their taxes in a country, which has signed the DTAA with India. Section 91 covers for those people who have paid taxes in a country which has not signed the DTAA with India. So, people falling under both sections can be eligible for tax deductions.


6) Interest on Higher Education –


Section 80E covers tax deductions on interest on higher education. These deductions are for individual only and not for Hindu Undivided Family. There is no limit for the amount to be deducted for tax. The only area, though, covered by this section is the interest paid and not the principal for higher studies. Deductions are eligible only if interest is paid from chargeable income. Moreover, deductions are covered only when loans are taken from reputed financial institutions or banks and not from relatives.







7) Per Diems –

Per Diems refer to that money, which is given by a firm to its employee for daily spending, connected with work travel, food and living. This is usually given when an employee goes abroad for company tasks. A lump sum amount is given to the employee and the period is about 3 months. It is not taxable, either in India or abroad. The only condition to be fulfilled here is that the entire Diem should be spent; else the remaining amount will get taxed. Moreover, not disclosing this amount is considered illegal and is punishable. Per Diems are exempted from tax under Section 10(14)(i), with Rule 2BB(1)(b) of the IT Act. 


8) Tuition Fee of Children –


This is perhaps the one deduction, which most people forget to claim. This is given only to individuals and not Hindu Undivided Family. This deduction is given for 2 children only. If the assessee has more than 2 kids, then he/ she can decide for which 2 kids’ fees to be deducted for tax. If both husband and wife work, then each of them is eligible for getting tax exemption for 2 children. Sections 80C, 80CCC and 80CCD provide a deduction of maximum 1,00,000 and not more. Only full-time courses are covered under this and not part-time ones. Assessee or his/ her spouse is not eligible for this tax exemption. Private tuition fees are not covered here. Exemption is given for recognized schools, colleges and universities only.


9) Profit on Sale of Property –

Profit gained on the sale of property is exempted from tax. Long-term (3 years and above) capital profits, including – equities, buildings, houses, bank deposit and real estate, are not taxable, only if they are sold by a recognized stock exchange and Securities Transaction Tax (STT). This is covered under Section 54 of the IT Act. This section covers only individuals and not Hindu Undivided Family. Only residential houses and apartments are exempted from tax and not commercial ones.


10) Repairs and Maintenance of Houses –


Section 80C does not provide for exemptions of the principal amount meant for reconstructions, repairs and renewals of houses. This section allows only for buying or constructing a new home. Repairs and maintenance of houses and homes are also exempted from taxes. Section 24(b) of the IT Act covers Home Loans for the reconstruction, renewal and repair of existing houses. A maximum of 30,000 worth of tax deduction is allowed through this section. This deduction is meant for residential abodes only.





Monday, October 17, 2011

Linux Commands


a
adduser Add a user to the system
addgroup Add a group to the system
alias Create an alias •
apropos Search Help manual pages (man -k)
apt-get Search for and install software packages (Debian/Ubuntu)
aptitude Search for and install software packages (Debian/Ubuntu)
aspell Spell Checker
awk Find and Replace text, database sort/validate/index
b
basename Strip directory and suffix from filenames
bash GNU Bourne-Again SHell
bc Arbitrary precision calculator language
bg Send to background
break Exit from a loop •
builtin Run a shell builtin
bzip2 Compress or decompress named file(s)
c
cal Display a calendar
case Conditionally perform a command
cat Concatenate and print (display) the content of files
cd Change Directory
cfdisk Partition table manipulator for Linux
chgrp Change group ownership
chmod Change access permissions
chown Change file owner and group
chroot Run a command with a different root directory
chkconfig System services (runlevel)
cksum Print CRC checksum and byte counts
clear Clear terminal screen
cmp Compare two files
comm Compare two sorted files line by line
command Run a command - ignoring shell functions •
continue Resume the next iteration of a loop •
cp Copy one or more files to another location
cron Daemon to execute scheduled commands
crontab Schedule a command to run at a later time
csplit Split a file into context-determined pieces
cut Divide a file into several parts
d
date Display or change the date & time
dc Desk Calculator
dd Convert and copy a file, write disk headers, boot records
ddrescue Data recovery tool
declare Declare variables and give them attributes •
df Display free disk space
diff Display the differences between two files
diff3 Show differences among three files
dig DNS lookup
dir Briefly list directory contents
dircolors Colour setup for `ls'
dirname Convert a full pathname to just a path
dirs Display list of remembered directories
dmesg Print kernel & driver messages
du Estimate file space usage
e
echo Display message on screen •
egrep Search file(s) for lines that match an extended expression
eject Eject removable media
enable Enable and disable builtin shell commands •
env Environment variables
ethtool Ethernet card settings
eval Evaluate several commands/arguments
exec Execute a command
exit Exit the shell
expect Automate arbitrary applications accessed over a terminal
expand Convert tabs to spaces
export Set an environment variable
expr Evaluate expressions
f
false Do nothing, unsuccessfully
fdformat Low-level format a floppy disk
fdisk Partition table manipulator for Linux
fg Send job to foreground
fgrep Search file(s) for lines that match a fixed string
file Determine file type
find Search for files that meet a desired criteria
fmt Reformat paragraph text
fold Wrap text to fit a specified width.
for Expand words, and execute commands
format Format disks or tapes
free Display memory usage
fsck File system consistency check and repair
ftp File Transfer Protocol
function Define Function Macros
fuser Identify/kill the process that is accessing a file
g
gawk Find and Replace text within file(s)
getopts Parse positional parameters
grep Search file(s) for lines that match a given pattern
groups Print group names a user is in
gzip Compress or decompress named file(s)
h
hash Remember the full pathname of a name argument
head Output the first part of file(s)
help Display help for a built-in command •
history Command History
hostname Print or set system name
i
iconv Convert the character set of a file
id Print user and group id's
if Conditionally perform a command
ifconfig Configure a network interface
ifdown Stop a network interface
ifup Start a network interface up
import Capture an X server screen and save the image to file
install Copy files and set attributes
j
jobs List active jobs •
join Join lines on a common field
k
kill Stop a process from running
killall Kill processes by name
l
less Display output one screen at a time
let Perform arithmetic on shell variables •
ln Make links between files
local Create variables •
locate Find files
logname Print current login name
logout Exit a login shell •
look Display lines beginning with a given string
lpc Line printer control program
lpr Off line print
lprint Print a file
lprintd Abort a print job
lprintq List the print queue
lprm Remove jobs from the print queue
ls List information about file(s)
lsof List open files
m
make Recompile a group of programs
man Help manual
mkdir Create new folder(s)
mkfifo Make FIFOs (named pipes)
mkisofs Create an hybrid ISO9660/JOLIET/HFS filesystem
mknod Make block or character special files
more Display output one screen at a time
mount Mount a file system
mtools Manipulate MS-DOS files
mtr Network diagnostics (traceroute/ping)
mv Move or rename files or directories
mmv Mass Move and rename (files)
n
netstat Networking information
nice Set the priority of a command or job
nl Number lines and write files
nohup Run a command immune to hangups
notify-send Send desktop notifications
nslookup Query Internet name servers interactively
o
open Open a file in its default application
op Operator access
p
passwd Modify a user password
paste Merge lines of files
pathchk Check file name portability
ping Test a network connection
pkill Stop processes from running
popd Restore the previous value of the current directory
pr Prepare files for printing
printcap Printer capability database
printenv Print environment variables
printf Format and print data •
ps Process status
pushd Save and then change the current directory
pwd Print Working Directory
q
quota Display disk usage and limits
quotacheck Scan a file system for disk usage
quotactl Set disk quotas
r
ram ram disk device
rcp Copy files between two machines
read Read a line from standard input •
readarray Read from stdin into an array variable •
readonly Mark variables/functions as readonly
reboot Reboot the system
rename Rename files
renice Alter priority of running processes
remsync Synchronize remote files via email
return Exit a shell function
rev Reverse lines of a file
rm Remove files
rmdir Remove folder(s)
rsync Remote file copy (Synchronize file trees)
s
screen Multiplex terminal, run remote shells via ssh
scp Secure copy (remote file copy)
sdiff Merge two files interactively
sed Stream Editor
select Accept keyboard input
seq Print numeric sequences
set Manipulate shell variables and functions
sftp Secure File Transfer Program
shift Shift positional parameters
shopt Shell Options
shutdown Shutdown or restart linux
sleep Delay for a specified time
slocate Find files
sort Sort text files
source Run commands from a file `.'
split Split a file into fixed-size pieces
ssh Secure Shell client (remote login program)
strace Trace system calls and signals
su Substitute user identity
sudo Execute a command as another user
sum Print a checksum for a file
suspend Suspend execution of this shell •
symlink Make a new name for a file
sync Synchronize data on disk with memory
t
tail Output the last part of files
tar Tape ARchiver
tee Redirect output to multiple files
test Evaluate a conditional expression
time Measure Program running time
times User and system times
touch Change file timestamps
top List processes running on the system
traceroute Trace Route to Host
trap Run a command when a signal is set(bourne)
tr Translate, squeeze, and/or delete characters
true Do nothing, successfully
tsort Topological sort
tty Print filename of terminal on stdin
type Describe a command •
u
ulimit Limit user resources •
umask Users file creation mask
umount Unmount a device
unalias Remove an alias •
uname Print system information
unexpand Convert spaces to tabs
uniq Uniquify files
units Convert units from one scale to another
unset Remove variable or function names
unshar Unpack shell archive scripts
until Execute commands (until error)
useradd Create new user account
usermod Modify user account
users List users currently logged in
uuencode Encode a binary file
uudecode Decode a file created by uuencode
v
v Verbosely list directory contents (`ls -l -b')
vdir Verbosely list directory contents (`ls -l -b')
vi Text Editor
vmstat Report virtual memory statistics
w
watch Execute/display a program periodically
wc Print byte, word, and line counts
whereis Search the user's $path, man pages and source files for a program
which Search the user's $path for a program file
while Execute commands
who Print all usernames currently logged in
whoami Print the current user id and name (`id -un')
Wget Retrieve web pages or files via HTTP, HTTPS or FTP
write Send a message to another user
x
xargs Execute utility, passing constructed argument list(s)
xdg-open Open a file or URL in the user's preferred application.
yes Print a string until interrupted
. Run a command script in the current shell
!! Run the last command again
### Comment / Remark



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