a
adduser Add a user to the system
addgroup Add a group to the system
apropos Search Help manual pages (man -k)
apt-get Search for and install software packages (Debian/Ubuntu) aptitude Search for and install software packages (Debian/Ubuntu) awk Find and Replace text, database sort/validate/index b
basename Strip directory and suffix from filenames bash GNU Bourne-Again SHell
bc Arbitrary precision calculator language bzip2 Compress or decompress named file(s) c
case Conditionally perform a command cat Concatenate and print (display) the content of files cfdisk Partition table manipulator for Linux chgrp Change group ownership chmod Change access permissions chown Change file owner and group chroot Run a command with a different root directory cksum Print CRC checksum and byte counts clear Clear terminal screen
comm Compare two sorted files line by line command Run a command - ignoring shell functions • continue Resume the next iteration of a loop • cp Copy one or more files to another location cron Daemon to execute scheduled commands crontab Schedule a command to run at a later time csplit Split a file into context-determined pieces cut Divide a file into several parts d
date Display or change the date & time dd Convert and copy a file, write disk headers, boot records declare Declare variables and give them attributes • df Display free disk space diff Display the differences between two files diff3 Show differences among three files dir Briefly list directory contents dirname Convert a full pathname to just a path dirs Display list of remembered directories dmesg Print kernel & driver messages du Estimate file space usage e
echo Display message on screen • egrep Search file(s) for lines that match an extended expression eject Eject removable media enable Enable and disable builtin shell commands • env Environment variables ethtool Ethernet card settings
eval Evaluate several commands/arguments expect Automate arbitrary applications accessed over a terminal export Set an environment variable expr Evaluate expressions f
false Do nothing, unsuccessfully fdisk Partition table manipulator for Linux fg Send job to foreground fgrep Search file(s) for lines that match a fixed string file Determine file type
find Search for files that meet a desired criteria fmt Reformat paragraph text fold Wrap text to fit a specified width. for Expand words, and execute commands format Format disks or tapes
free Display memory usage
fsck File system consistency check and repair ftp File Transfer Protocol
fuser Identify/kill the process that is accessing a file g
gawk Find and Replace text within file(s) getopts Parse positional parameters grep Search file(s) for lines that match a given pattern groups Print group names a user is in gzip Compress or decompress named file(s) h
hash Remember the full pathname of a name argument head Output the first part of file(s) help Display help for a built-in command •
i
iconv Convert the character set of a file id Print user and group id's if Conditionally perform a command ifdown Stop a network interface ifup Start a network interface up import Capture an X server screen and save the image to file install Copy files and set attributes j
join Join lines on a common field k
kill Stop a process from running l
less Display output one screen at a time let Perform arithmetic on shell variables • ln Make links between files look Display lines beginning with a given string lpc Line printer control program lprint Print a file
lprintd Abort a print job
lprintq List the print queue
lprm Remove jobs from the print queue ls List information about file(s) m
make Recompile a group of programs
mkdir Create new folder(s) mkfifo Make FIFOs (named pipes) mkisofs Create an hybrid ISO9660/JOLIET/HFS filesystem
mknod Make block or character special files more Display output one screen at a time mount Mount a file system mtools Manipulate MS-DOS files mtr Network diagnostics (traceroute/ping) mv Move or rename files or directories mmv Mass Move and rename (files) n
netstat Networking information
nice Set the priority of a command or job nl Number lines and write files nohup Run a command immune to hangups nslookup Query Internet name servers interactively o
open Open a file in its default application p
paste Merge lines of files pathchk Check file name portability
ping Test a network connection pkill Stop processes from running popd Restore the previous value of the current directory pr Prepare files for printing printcap Printer capability database
printenv Print environment variables
printf Format and print data • pushd Save and then change the current directory pwd Print Working Directory q
quota Display disk usage and limits r
rcp Copy files between two machines read Read a line from standard input • readarray Read from stdin into an array variable •
readonly Mark variables/functions as readonly reboot Reboot the system
renice Alter priority of running processes
remsync Synchronize remote files via email
rev Reverse lines of a file rsync Remote file copy (Synchronize file trees) s
screen Multiplex terminal, run remote shells via ssh scp Secure copy (remote file copy) sdiff Merge two files interactively seq Print numeric sequences set Manipulate shell variables and functions sftp Secure File Transfer Program
shift Shift positional parameters sleep Delay for a specified time source Run commands from a file `.' split Split a file into fixed-size pieces ssh Secure Shell client (remote login program) strace Trace system calls and signals
su Substitute user identity sudo Execute a command as another user sum Print a checksum for a file suspend Suspend execution of this shell • sync Synchronize data on disk with memory t
tail Output the last part of files tee Redirect output to multiple files test Evaluate a conditional expression time Measure Program running time times User and system times touch Change file timestamps top List processes running on the system trap Run a command when a signal is set(bourne)
tr Translate, squeeze, and/or delete characters true Do nothing, successfully tty Print filename of terminal on stdin type Describe a command • u
umask Users file creation mask umount Unmount a device
uname Print system information units Convert units from one scale to another unset Remove variable or function names unshar Unpack shell archive scripts until Execute commands (until error) users List users currently logged in uudecode Decode a file created by uuencode v
v Verbosely list directory contents (`ls -l -b')
vdir Verbosely list directory contents (`ls -l -b')
vmstat Report virtual memory statistics w
watch Execute/display a program periodically wc Print byte, word, and line counts whereis Search the user's $path, man pages and source files for a program which Search the user's $path for a program file who Print all usernames currently logged in whoami Print the current user id and name (`id -un') Wget Retrieve web pages or files via HTTP, HTTPS or FTP
write Send a message to another user x
xargs Execute utility, passing constructed argument list(s) xdg-open Open a file or URL in the user's preferred application. yes Print a string until interrupted . Run a command script in the current shell !! Run the last command again
<!-- @page { margin: 0.79in } P { margin-bottom: 0.08in } A:link { so-language: zxx } -->
<!-- @page { margin: 0.79in } P { margin-bottom: 0.08in } A:link { so-language: zxx } -->
No comments:
Post a Comment